AFAIK, stone tiles have to be laid on a dry floor and it seems like this has not the case.
My guess is that there is a missing/faulty damp-proof membrane in the floor construction. This is alone might be enough to explain the damage to the tiles. A leaking buried water pipe or a leaking/collapsed drain will saturate the ground with water and make the damage worse or happen faster.
You may be able to detect a leaking buried pipe by making sure that no water is being used in the house and watching the water meter carefully. A drain pressure test / camera survey may add useful information. Either way, I'd expect the floor is going to have to be dug up and relaid in a proper manner with a correctly installed DPM, etc.
Do you have any construction records? (Plans, photos, invoices, etc.) If so, these would be a good place to start.