The fact that you have water flowing out the vent pipe when the system shuts down indicates you still have a fault, probably a blockage somewhere near the expansion pipe. You could try turning the speed on the pump down to its minimum to see if the noise reduces. Another thing to try would be to remove the rad again, empty it, refit, turn on the valves but don't bleed it. (it should act as an expansion vessel).
One thing i noticed looking at the pictures is the vent from the boiler looks like its running horizontal along the ceiling, so it may be possible that the system has an air lock.